noun

• (countable) Decomposition into components in order to study (a complex thing, concept, theory etc.).
  "comparative analysis"
• (countable) The result of such a process.
  "Thus, in a sequence such as [French English teacher], since English is closer to the Head Noun teacher, it must be a Complement; and since French is further away from teacher, it must be an Attribute. Hence, we correctly predict that the only possible interpretation for [a French English teacher] is ‘a person who teaches English who is Frenchʼ. So our analysis not only has semantic plausi- bility; but in addition it has independent syntactic support."
• (uncountable, mathematics) A broad field of study in modern mathematics (often mentioned alongside algebra) which developed out of the calculus, concerned with the behavior of functions, sequences, series, limits, metric spaces, measures and more.
• (countable, logic) Proof by deduction from known truths.