adj

• (heraldry, usually of a quadruped) Depicted in a leaping posture.
  "a lion salient"
• (often military) Projecting outwards, pointing outwards.
  "a salient angle"
• (obsolete) Moving by leaps or springs; jumping.
  "frogs and salient animals"
• (obsolete) Shooting or springing out; projecting.
  "He had in himſelf a ſalient, living ſpring of generous and manly action."

noun

• (military) An outwardly projecting part of a fortification, trench system, or line of defense.
  "On April 26 the First Division had gone into the line in the Montdidier salient on the Picardy battlefront."
• (geography) A protrusion of the administrative borders of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state into another geopolitical entity, generally of the same administrative level.
• (geology) An overall-convex, protruding section of a sinuous fold and thrust belt, thrust sheet, or a single thrust fault, caused by one or more of: deformation (folding and faulting) of strata and geologic structures during orogenesis, differences in the angle of critical taper during orogenesis, or differing erosional level of the present geomorphological surface.
  "Orogenic arcs are made up by more advanced segments (salients) separated by less advanced zones (recesses) (Miser, 1932). Within salients, the critical taper is lower, the distance among thrust ramps is larger, and there may be more ramps departing from the basal décollement layer with respect to the recess areas."